At my shop we're a little spoiled, located where we are here in California. Although we get into the low-100s in the summer and low-30s in the winter, we don't have to deal with extreme snow, ice, higher elevations and other elements that can negatively affect our wraps.
我们的商铺坐落于加利福尼亚，地理位置优越，且无需花费精力去找客户。即使夏天的温度高达38摄氏度，冬天低至零下1摄氏度，我们无需处理那些会影响到车身贴的负面因素，例如大雪、冰、高海拔紫外线照射等等。
No matter how mild or extreme the weather may be in your part of the world, addressing these issues before, during and after the wrap is important. A bit of forethought and ongoing maintenance can help extend the life of the wraps you produce.
无论你在温和还是极端气候条件下，在制作车身贴期间提前处理这些问题是很重要的。一点点深谋远虑和不间断的维护，就能够延长你制作的车身贴的使用年限。
I recently spoke with Kelly Matzen and Aaron Worthington, owners of Custom Tint Inc. in the town of Frisco, high in the mountains of Colorado, and they face many environmental concerns that negatively affect their wraps. They gave me a lot of great information based on their hands-on experience.
我最近和位于科罗拉多Custom Tint公司负责人凯利·马岑和亚伦·沃辛顿交谈了解到，他们遇到的一些环境问题，已经影响到了车身贴的制作。他们根据自己的实践经验给我们提供了很多实用性建议。
Combining their hands-on knowledge with feedback from contacts at both Avery and ORAFOL, I've compiled a short list of issues that arise along with their recommendations. Most solutions are simple, but if applied they can make a big difference in the life of the wrap.
结合他们的实践经验和我们从艾利、ORAFOL得到的反馈信息，我罗列了一些问题以及他们给出的建议。大多数解决方案都是很容易实现的，并且会极大地延长车身贴的使用年限。
You should consider creating a wrap care sheet that you hand out to your customers. It should include the environmental concerns that are encountered in your area along with maintenance tips for increasing the life of the wrap.
你应该考虑一下，为客户提供车身贴护理表，内容应包含你所面临的环境问题，还有延长车身贴使用年限的保养方法。
These environmental factors also affect the warranty of the graphics. Be sure to thoroughly check out the manufacturer warranties for the materials you use and how the environment may affect these warranties. Extreme weather situations are often not covered by manufacturer warranties.
这些环境因素对车身贴的保修单也会产生影响。你要确保彻底检查过你所选用材料制作商的保修单，并且弄清楚环境会对这些保修单有哪些影响。同时要注意的是，极端天气条件下车身贴损坏，通常不在保修范围内。
I also spoke with Molly Waters, a technical specialist with Avery Dennison. She mentioned a “zone system where Avery will rate durability of the graphic based on the region.” The comprehensive list essentially takes into account environmental issues that can reduce the expected durability by between 20 percent and 60 percent.
我也和莫利·沃特斯交谈过，她是艾利·丹尼森公司的技术专家。她提出“艾利会根据区域不同规定车身贴耐久性。”这项综合清单将环境因素列入其中，这些环境因素会在理想耐久性基础上缩短20%到60%。
Vehicle Prep
车身贴前期准备
Proper preparation of the vehicle is always important. The graphics are only as good as the surface they are applied to. In some areas this preparation takes a little longer and can be a more intensive part of the process of wrapping a vehicle.
对车辆进行适当的准备工作是很重要的。由于图文只是用于车辆的表面，在一些地区，准备工作会花费更长的时间，并且是车身贴制作过程中最重要的部分。
Matzen says that in their area they “need the vehicle for longer than what is typically required.” Due to harsh winter conditions and road grime it “takes time to completely wash out dirt, grime and frozen wheel arches,” Matzen says.
马岑称，在他们那里，“相比车身贴特定的要求，客户更希望其使用年限长一点。”由于冬季恶劣的天气条件和沥青，要花费很长时间才能完全清洗掉车轮上的泥土、污垢和冰渣。
She mentioned that they use a clay bar product along with a spray liquid to remove any wax build up on the paint finish. She says that without this extra cleaning, “you can run into potential failure on the wrap not sticking in areas,” she adds, “especially on the lower portion of vehicles and in deep channels.”
她提到，他们用洗车粘土和喷雾液来清除图文上的蜡状物。如果没有这个额外的清洁步骤，车身贴就不能粘贴在恰当的区域内，尤其是在车辆较低位置和深槽中。
Matzen uses an adhesive promoter in channels and recessed areas on vehicles, along with the edges of doors. For our wraps we use 3M Taper Primer 94 to help promote better adhesion.
马岑在车辆的深槽处、凹陷处还有车门边缘使用的是附着力增强剂。而我们用的是粘性更强的3M公司的锥度底漆94。
After completing a wrap Matzen says they also edge-seal almost every wrap edge. 3M makes Edge Sealer 3950 which creates a seal between graphics and the vehicle. In severe weather conditions it helps to prolong the life of the graphics.
马岑说，在制作好车身贴后，他们会将所有的边缘进行密封。3M公司的边缘密封剂3950能够在图文和车辆之间形成良好的密封。即使是在恶劣的天气条件下，它也能延长车身贴的使用年限。
Hard Water
硬质水
Permanent staining of graphics can be expected with hard water. The higher quantity of dissolved minerals in hard water can leave behind residue as it dries, staining the graphics. The simplest solution is to thoroughly wipe down your graphics after washing.
采用硬质水可以得到永久的图文展示。将车身贴风干之后，硬质水中大量的溶解矿物质都会被过滤掉，只留下图文信息。最简单的清洁方法就是在洗过之后，从上到下彻底地擦干净。
Magnesium Chloride
氯化镁
Kelly Matzen shared with me that the use of magnesium chloride on roads is a big problem for them in Colorado. The Colorado Department of Transportation uses a liquid form of the chemical salt to keep the interstate and roads from freezing up.
凯利·马岑跟我说，科罗拉多路面上使用的氯化镁对他们来说是一个大问题。科罗拉多运输部使用液态化学盐来防止州际公路和道路结冰。
Matzen says that if it is “left on the vehicle's wrap, clear bra or paint finish it can leave permanent staining and hazing.” In their area, many people go without washing their vehicle during the winter, but “if the vehicle is not washed properly the magnesium chloride will build up creating a yellow appearance,” she adds.
马岑说，如果化学盐遗留在车身贴上的话，会产生永久性的染色和酸雾。在他们那个地区，许多人冬天开车出去的时候通常不会清洗车辆，但是如果车辆没有进行适当的清洁，氯化镁就会变成黄颜色附着在车身贴上。
The solution is also simple and should be passed on to the customer when they pick up their wrapped vehicle. Matzen recommends that customers “hand wash their vehicle two or three times per week with hot soapy water and wipe it down to remove the magnesium chloride build-up,” she says.
解决此问题的方案也很简单，并且要将其告知给客户，方便他们清洁车身贴。马岑建议客户每周用热肥皂水手洗车身贴两到三次，从上到下将氯化镁擦掉。
Snow and Ice
雪和冰
We do not experience issues with snow or ice in our area so I find it interesting to hear stories about how the elements can have such a tremendous effect on finished wraps. Matzen says that snow and ice “tend to build-up in wheel wells and door jams.”
由于我们那个地方不会遇到雪和冰的问题，因此我很有兴趣了解它们会对车身贴有怎样巨大的影响。马岑说，雪和冰会积聚在车轮和车门上，造成堵塞。
“One of our clients went to open his driver door after a snow storm and it was iced over and frozen shut” she says. “So he forced the door open but bent the front edge of the door, damaging his vinyl graphics.”
她说：“我们的一个客户在暴雪过后想要打开驾驶室车门，但是都被冰封住了。所以他强行将车门打开，造成车门前部边缘弯曲，也损坏了乙烯基车身贴。”
Matzen says that kicking off ice or snow that has built up on vehicles is a bad idea, and warns against using a pressure washer to remove the build-up. Either one could damage the graphics. Suggest to your customer that they keep the wrapped vehicle covered or garaged during extreme weather to avoid build-up as much as possible.
马岑说，将车辆上的冰和雪剔除掉是很不明智的选择，并且不能用高压清洗装置清除堆积物。任何一种方式都会损坏车身贴。建议你的客户，在极端天气下将车身贴覆盖好或者将车辆放在车库里，尽量避免产生冰雪堆积物。
I also spoke with Craig Campbell, a market manager of graphic products for ORAFOL, about their recommendations regarding environmental issues. In regards to cold weather wraps Campbell suggested using vinyls specifically built for that kind of weather, such as ORAJET Series 3551 DT wrap film. The DT stands for deep temperature and can be applied in temperatures as low as 25 degrees F.
我还跟ORAFOL公司的图文产品市场经理克雷格·坎贝尔，讨论过关于环境问题的建议。就寒冷天气下的车身贴来说，坎贝尔建议使用专门适于此种气候条件的乙烯基材料，例如ORAJET系列的3551DT薄膜。这种DT适用于低温条件下，并且可用于华氏温度25度。
UV Damage
紫外线损伤
Avery Dennison's Waters also says that, “UV damage is increased at higher elevations than exposures at sea level. This is due to the air being thinner, and therefore damage from lower UV filtering increases significantly.”
艾利·丹尼森公司的沃特斯也说：“较高海拔地区的紫外线损伤比暴露在海平面上的紫外线损伤更严重。这是由于高海拔地区的空气变得更加稀薄，因此过滤的低级紫外线损伤就明显地加重了。”
Matzen says they encounter a lot of sun damage since they are “about two miles closer to the sun in Frisco, Colo. The sun is very intense. If a vehicle wrap sits in the same spot for months on end, the wrap will become faded on one side and look brand-new on the other.”
马岑说，他们在科罗拉多的弗里斯科遭遇的是强烈的阳光损伤，因为他们距离太阳只有两英里，太阳光非常强烈。如果带有车身贴的车辆在同一个位置上停留几个月之后，那么车身贴一面会严重褪色，另一面看起来和新的一样。
The solution is again a simple one. Use a quality overlaminate on all of your graphics. Lamination not only protects against abrasion and improves the finish, it also provides a built-in layer of UV protection that helps protect the colors from fading and helps prevent the deterioration of media in sunlight. Matzen recommends another tip for her clients: “Rotate the vehicle so the intensity of the sun isn't beating mostly on one side.”
解决此问题的方法仍然很简单。在你的车身贴上覆盖一层优质的覆膜，这层膜不仅能防止磨损、提高光洁度，还能防止出现紫外线损伤、车身贴褪色和阳光下材料变质的问题。马岑给其客户提供了另一种保养窍门：“在阳光下停放车辆时，不要只将一边朝向强烈的阳光，另一边也轮流接受强光照射，这样就不会只有一边受损严重了。”
Pollution and Horizontal Surfaces
污染和水平面
Congested urban and industrial areas have an increased amount of pollutants, smog and other particulates in the atmosphere. Waters says that these pollutants reduce durability expectations. “Horizontal applications trap the chemicals on the surface of the material and increase UV exposure,” she says. You will often see a reduced or non-existent warranty for horizontal surfaces.
拥挤的城市和工业园区增加了空气中污染物、烟雾和其他微粒的数量。沃特斯说：“这些污染物会降低车身贴耐用性的期望值。水平面应用会将化学物质困在材料表面上，并且会加重紫外线照射，在水平面上的保修范围通常都很小或根本不提供保修。”
Lamination will help protect the graphics from ozone and industrial pollution. If you use no lamination (or the wrong laminate) the images will fade and deteriorate quicker. In our area we do experience a problem with “acid dew” (a cousin of acid rain). It causes brown spotting and lifting of graphics on horizontal surfaces. After having three hood wraps fail, we contacted 3M and ended up switching to their 3M Envision 8548G gloss overlaminate on all of our wraps.
薄膜会防止图文受到臭氧和工业污染的损坏。如果你不用薄膜（或用不合适的薄膜），图文很快就会褪色变质。在我们那个区域，会遇到“酸露”（酸雨的同类）的问题。它会引起褐斑病且图文表面会凸起。经过三次薄膜覆盖失败之后，我们选用3M公司的设想系列8548G光覆膜全部覆盖在车身贴上。
Another way to increase durability is regular cleaning. Waters suggests that regular washing “will help a lot in preserving the life of the wrap.” She says that Avery's Bulletin 1.50—“Cleaning and Maintenance of Vehicle Wraps”—offers cleaning advice, hand washing versus pressure washing and car washes. She says they “also offer recommendations on cleaners that we have tested and found to work well with our films.”
另外一种提高耐久性的方式是定期进行清洁。沃特斯称，定期清洁能在很大程度上延长车身贴的使用年限。艾利公司的公告1.50“关于车身贴的清洁与维护”中提供了几种清洁方式，手洗、高压冲洗和洗车中心清洁。他们也会为客户推荐好的清洁员。
Rock Chips
石屑
Rock chips can be very damaging to a vehicle wrap, especially on solid color-change wraps. The chip reveals the car's original paint color and is typically more obvious in solid color wraps.
石屑对车身贴的伤害特别大，尤其是对固体变色车身贴。这些石屑会将车辆最初的喷漆颜色暴露出来，并且在固体彩色车身贴上更明显。
Matzen says that in Colorado, with winter weather and driving conditions, “stones are also used as a form of gripping on our roads and interstate and unless you put a clear bra on top of the color change wrap, you will have prominent chips after one winter.” In preparation Matzen says that they discuss rock chips with their clients beforehand, and “try to make them aware of what can potentially happen, and address any issues immediately instead of letting it go for a few months.”
马岑说，在科罗拉多冬天行车条件下，道路和州际公路上的石头用于汽车减速，除非你在变色车身贴上覆盖一层干净的布罩，不然的话，过完冬天你的车身贴上就会有明显的碎屑。他们会事先告知客户石屑的问题，让客户意识到可能发生的潜在问题，并且能立即提出来，而不是几个月放任不管。
Campbell recommends ORAFOL's Stone Guard 280 (polyurethane) and 270 (PVC) materials, depending on your budget. He says this product “is an excellent way to prolong the life of the wrap and a great upsell for the wrap shop.”
坎贝尔推荐使用ORAFOL公司的石质防护280（聚氨酯）和270（PVC）材料，根据您的预算来选择适当的材料。他说，这个产品可以极好地延长车身贴的使用年限，并且能为车身贴商铺提供更好的增销。
Maintenance
维护
Regular hand washing of vehicle wraps is one of the most important steps in maintaining good-looking, long-lasting graphics. There are also products on the market that are designed specifically for vehicle wraps.
定期手洗车身贴在维护良好外观和长期耐久方面，是最重要的步骤之一。市面上也有专门为保养车身贴设计的产品。
Campbell says that ORAFOL has created a care and maintenance kit that “includes a sealer to protect the material from the elements as well as a cleaning solution and quick detailer to ensure the wrap will last its expected life.” Check out ORAFOL's website for more information on their line of products for both glossy and matte wraps.
坎贝尔说，ORAFOL公司推出一套保养设备，包括一台密封机用来保护材料不受损坏，还包含确保车身贴达到期望使用年限的清洁方案和灵敏增细器。你可以在ORAFOL公司官网上浏览到更多关于他们的光滑和粗糙车身贴产品信息。
CrystalTek also produces a line of products geared specifically for vehicle wraps. Their Wrap Polish is designed to protect against harsh elements and pollution. It does not contain any wax and will not yellow or stain the graphics.
CrystalTek公司也生产专门用于车身贴的产品。他们的车身贴磨光机用来保护车身贴不受恶劣条件和污染的影响，它不包含蜡状物，也不会变黄或沾污图文。
