In today’s world of digital signage technologies, dynamic displays are not only at our fingertips, but also becoming integrated into our environments. The industry now has the tools and knowledge to virtually transform physical structures with extremely large visuals. A growing global demand for bigger, bolder graphics is pushing artists and content creators to move beyond the traditional boundaries of a flat screen or video wall and use projection mapping to turn entire buildings, monuments and other large structures into an edge-free canvas.
在当今数字标牌技术的世界里，动态画面的显示不仅触手可及，而且也融入在我们的生活环境中。该行业现拥有的技术与强大的知识库，可通过一种虚拟的视觉效果，来改变数字标牌的物理结构。全球对大图形的需求，正在推动艺术内容创作者的创作，也超越了平面屏幕和视频墙的传统界限，并使用投影映射将整个建筑物和其他大型结构转变成为了无边缘的画布。
Projection mapping taps into both art and science to enhance these three-dimensional (3D) structures. Previously also known as video mapping or spatial augmented reality (AR), it has grown in popularity to complement large corporate events and installations for governments, entertainers and brand marketers.
将艺术内容与投影技术相结合以增强三维结构，这种技术被称为视频映射，或空间增强现实（AR），它越来越受欢迎，以补充政府、艺人和品牌营销商的大型企业活动和装置。
“Projection mapping is an art form, but also about calculations for everything from colour saturation to height and distance,” says Kathryn Cress, vice-president (VP) of global and corporate marketing for projector manufacturer Christie. “It’s about getting the geometry right for the surfaces being transformed.”
投影机制造商 Christie公司的营销副总裁 Kathryn Cress说：“投影映射是一种艺术形式，包括从色彩饱和度到高度和距离之间的计算，这是一种能为表面变形的几何形状产生动感效果的技术。”
“I like to do a project in such a way that it looks very organic,” says Bart Kresa, a master projection designer with his own studio. “It’s magic when the audience doesn’t really know how it happens. We try to make it impossible to comprehend what’s going on before their eyes.”
主投影设计师Bart Kresa说：“我喜欢以一种创新的方式来完成一个项目，让观众不知道它是如何发生的，没有以往的套路与模式，给他们一次惊喜，让他们无法理解他们眼前发生的事情是如此的美妙。”
The history of an art form
艺术形式
The specific art of transforming a large surface using projections traces back several decades. Some say the first commercial instance of projection mapping onto complex curved surfaces were ghostly, disembodied, singing heads that debuted at the Haunted Mansion ride at Disneyland in Anaheim, Calif., in the 1960s.
使用这种投影技术要追溯到几十年前。20世纪60年代，在加利福尼亚州阿纳海姆的迪斯尼乐园，第一次实现了商业投影映射到复杂曲面上的商业实例，没有空间的限制，整个迪斯尼乐园如同童话般世界。
Artists started taking the medium outdoors in the 1980s using powerful, large-format projectors. Hand-painted slides were projected onto public façades to illuminate them at night.
20世纪80年代，设计师开始使用功能强大的大幅面投影仪应用在室外，例如，手绘幻灯投射到公共立面上，在晚上照亮。
In the mid-1990s, the projected slides were divided into sections, allowing images to be wrapped perfectly to the proportions of the selected buildings. Some of these graphics extended onto the streets, too.
20世纪90年代中期，投影幻灯片被分成几个部分，使得图像能够完美地包裹建筑物，其中一些图形的应用也延伸到街道上。
The introduction of brighter, computer-driven commercial projectors led to greater possibilities. Computer graphics sped up production and made full-motion video and graphics possible without film. Staging companies began keeping these projectors in their rental inventory, allowing fast turnaround for event production.
后来，引进更明亮的计算机驱动商业投影机为数字标牌的制作带来了更多的可能性。计算机图形加速了数字标牌的制作，无需胶片即可制作全动态视频和图形。一些媒体公司开始将这些投影仪放在他们的租赁库存中，从而实现周转快速的生产。
As the equipment continued to become brighter, portable and more rugged, intrigued artists started to look at the shapes, contours and colours of large buildings and wonder how they could incorporate them into their work. Many of their projects for businesses were visual tricks to stun onlookers, such as sea creatures swimming inside office towers.
随着设备不断变得明亮、便携和坚固，标识专业人员开始关注大型建筑的形状、轮廓和颜色，并想知道如何将它们融入建筑物中。他们的许多商业项目都是用视觉的方法来吸引群众，比如，在办公大楼上进行投影，从外部看是一片海洋生物。
With the further evolution of digital simulation, visualization and projection technologies, truly awe-inspiring displays have been achieved around the world in recent years, from the 2012 World Expo in Yeosu, South Korea, to the grand opening of the Atlantis Resort in Dubai, U.A.E. The best projects move beyond the earlier ‘wow’ factor to tell a story. The following are just a few Canadian examples.
随着数字模拟，可视化和投影技术的进一步发展，近年来，从2012年韩国丽水世界博览会到迪拜亚特兰蒂斯度假酒店的盛大开幕仪式，全世界都实现了真正令人叹为观止的展现，除了阿联酋最好的项目以外，要属加拿大的一个项目了。
Luminous Pathway
夜光通路
Originally conceived in 2006 to add excitement in Montreal’s Quartier des Spectacles, a district with 80 per cent of the city’s performance halls, the Luminous Pathway began with simple red dots shone onto sidewalks and has since grown to incorporate fully projection-mapped buildings, custom-illuminated intersections and ambient architectural lighting.
加拿大这个项目的最初设想于2006年萌发，在蒙特利尔的Quartier des Spectacles上开展实施，这个地方拥有这个城市百分之八十的表演大厅，他们要在这里添加标识通道，闪耀在人行道上，并且配合投影，映射到建筑物上，照亮十字路口和周围的建筑照明。
Today, with the municipal government’s support, climate-protected projectors of various sizes are permanently fixed onto buildings throughout the district, with more continuing to be added and made available to artists as public canvases.
在市政府的支持下，各种大小的投影仪被永久固定在整个地区的建筑物上，并且添加更多地设施来作为画布，形成丰富多彩的视觉体验。
“It has really caught on,” says Mikaël Charpin, deputy director of the not-for-profit Luminous Pathway partnership. “When building owners see projection mapping on someone else’s wall, they then want us to use their wall, too.”
非营利性Luminous Pathway合作伙伴MikaëlCharpin说：“它确实吸引了很多群众，当群众看到别人墙上的投影图时，不仅愿意花时间更多地停留在此地，也为此地的消费力带来了增长。”
“Every image must meet certain criteria before it’s considered for display,” says Ivan Klein, technical director. “Videos have to express the theme of the building they’re displayed on.”
技术总监 Ivan Klein说：“每张图片在展出前，都必须符合一定的标准，视频必须要表达出他们展示建筑物的主题。”
In 2008, 81 working grain silos along the St. Lawrence River were mapped and used as a giant screen to celebrate the 400thanniversary of Quebec City. Famed multimedia artist Robert Lepage created the Image Mill, a 40-minute spectacle, as an ode to his birthplace, which he called “the best-kept secret in North America.”
2008年，圣劳伦斯河沿岸的样貌被绘制出来在巨型屏幕上，用来庆祝魁北克市400周年纪念日，这个投影视频创造了40分钟的影像磨坊，作为艺术的颂歌，被称为“北美保存最完好的秘密。”
The Image Mill brought Quebec City’s story and culture to life on a 30 x 657-m (100 x 2,155-ft) canvas over 10 weeks. At the time, it was the largest projection surface ever created, earning a spot in the Guinness Book of World Records. The nightly showcase transformed the silos into rows of books, stained glass windows, a printing press, cigarettes, bullets and even other buildings, including a factory and an airport.
Image Mill在10周内，将魁北克市的历史故事和文化渗透在30 x 657米（100 x 2,155英尺）的画面中，这是有史以来创造的最大投影面，在吉尼斯世界纪录大全中获得一席之地。夜间展示将筒仓变成书排、彩色玻璃窗，甚至包括工厂和机场在内的其他建筑物。
Lepage and his company, Ex Machina, took more than two years to plan and create the Image Mill, working with a French firm, ETC France. They needed 27 projectors to create a continuous image across the silos and around one side, along with kilometres of cabling for control and communications. Much of the planning was dedicated to accurately mapping images onto the uneven concrete contours of the silos and allowing for obstructions in the projection path like trees, buildings and electrical poles and wires.
Lepage和他的公司Ex Machina花了两年多时间，与一家法国公司ETC France合作，策划并创建了Image Mill。他们使用了27台投影仪，在筒仓周围形成一个连续的图像，以及用于控制通信的千米布线。大部分规划都致力于准确地将图像映射到筒仓的不规则混凝土轮廓上，并通过树木、建筑物、电线杆和电线等投影路径制造前景。
The show was so popular, it was extended through the following five summers.
这个项目如此受欢迎，延续了五个夏天。
Mosaika
莫塞卡
From 2010 through 2014, the centre block of Ottawa’s Parliament Hill was illuminated each summer with ‘Mosaika – Canada Through the Eyes of Its People,’ depicting the country’s history with a sound-and-light narrative.
从2010年到2014年，渥太华国会山的中心街区每年夏天都会亮相Mosaika——加拿大人民的眼睛，用娓娓动听的叙述描绘出了该国的历史。
Organized by the National Capital Commission (NCC) and designed by Montreal-based Moment Factory, the show projected video content across the 144-m (472-ft) wide building, including the 75-m (246-ft) tall Peace Tower.
该节目由国家首都委员会（NCC）主办，蒙特利尔总部Moment Factor的设计师说：“投影视频内容跨越144米（472英尺）宽的建筑物，包括75米（246英尺）高的和平塔。”
“After Moment Factory did a full pixel mapping of the buildings, our biggest challenge was how to repeat the placement of the projectors to ensure a perfect performance every night,” says Jean-Marc Beauvalet, NCC’s manager of technical services. “The solution for the projectors that stayed on the hill was to place them on hydraulic lifts with repeatable heights. They have sensors that stop them at the exact position.”
”NCC技术服务经理Jean-Marc Beauvalet说：““在Moment Factory完成建筑物的全像素映射之后，我们面临的最大挑战是如何重复放映投影机，以确保每晚都有完美的呈现。留下投影机的解决方案是将它们放置在可重复高度的液压升降机上，上面设有传感器，使他们在确切的位置。”
The 2013 edition of Mosaika went on to top the digital signage category and win ‘best in show’ in Sign Media Canada’s 2014 National Sign Competition.
2013年版的Mosaika继续在数字标牌领域名列前茅，赢得加拿大Sign Media加拿大2014年全国标识比赛的“最佳展示奖”。
Starlight Spectacular
壮观的星光投影
In 2011, Cedar Fair Entertainment mandated each of its theme parks must develop a nighttime show, including its only Canadian property: Canada’s Wonderland in Vaughan, Ont.
2011年，Cedar Fair Entertainment要求每个主题公园都必须开发夜间表演，包括其唯一的加拿大房产：加拿大安大略省旺市的仙境。
Doug McBoyle, Wonderland’s technical and event services manager, worked with his team to go beyond the mandated specification and develop Starlight Spectacular, a nearly 10-minute projection-mapped show that would close the park every evening. They were assisted by Tantrum Productions and Westbury National Show Systems, both based in nearby Toronto.
Wonderland的技术和事件服务经理Doug McBoyle与他的团队合作，超越了强制性规范，并开发了Starlight Spectacular，这是一个近10分钟的投影映射节目。他们得到了位于多伦多附近的Tantrum Productions和Westbury National Show Systems的协助，在公园内展示。
Starlight Spectacular is projected onto the park’s central feature, the manmade Wonder Mountain, making it appear overgrown with foliage, populated by butterflies, covered in snow, made red hot by lava, crumbled, rebuilt and occupied by a fire-breathing dragon.
星光被投射到公园的中心地带的人造山上，它看起来杂草丛生，蝴蝶聚居，被雪覆盖，被熔岩炽热，被粉碎，被喷火龙占领。
“We want guests to walk away feeling good about what they just saw,” says McBoyle. “I think we achieved that. At the end of the day, they can regroup, see a spectacular show and go home having had a great time.”
McBoyle：“我希望受众对他们看到的东西有很好的体验，我认为我们实现了这一点。
In 2017, Canadian luxury apparel retail chain Holt Renfrew celebrated 175 years in business. As part of these celebrations, a nine-minute, 4K-resolution video presentation—titled ‘Hot@175 Now and Forever’—was developed for projection onto the 50-m (165-ft) wide bulkhead at Holt Renfrew’s flagship store on Toronto’s Bloor Street West.
2017年，加拿大奢侈服装零售连锁店Holt Renfrew庆祝诞生175年。作为庆祝活动的一部分，他们开发了一个长达9分钟的4K分辨率的演示视频——175 Now and Forever，用于投射到Holt Renfrew在多伦多50米（165英尺）宽的旗舰店上。
Rose & Thistle Media mapped the dimensions of the bulkhead’s 700-plus tiles and incorporated archival images and full-motion video to celebrate the retailer’s past, present and future. The tiles appeared to ripple, models danced in virtual windows and image mosaics filled the space.
Rose＆Thistle Media绘制了舱壁上700多个瓷砖的尺寸图，并结合了背景图像和全动画视频来庆祝零售商的历史、现在和未来。瓷砖似乎像涟漪，模型在虚拟窗口舞动，图像充满了可施展的空间。
In addition to drawing big nighttime crowds, the show went on to win digital signage awards for its creativity.
除了吸引了大量的夜间人群外，该视频因创意而赢得数字标牌奖。
Winter Dreams
温暖的冬天
In February 2018, Quebec City’s Palais Montcalm concert hall was painted in light as a preview of LumoCité, North America’s firstinternational projection mapping competition. Called ‘Winter Dreams,’ the light show on the stone building—built circa 1931—explored the premise of what the world would look like if the city’s winter carnival snowman mascot could dream. Icicles appeared to drape the structure while water filled the building and whales swam across the facade.
2月，魁北克市的Palais Montcalm音乐厅在北美首个国际投影测绘竞赛LumoCité上亮相。被称为“冬日梦”，灯光映射在石像上，探索了冬季嘉年华雪人吉祥物的梦想，当建筑物充满水光时，立面上似乎有鲸鱼穿过。
The project was developed by Philippe Bergeron and undertaken by his company, PaintScaping, based in sunnier Los Angeles, Calif.
该项目由Philippe Bergeron开发，位于加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的PaintScaping公司全权负责。
“Despite temperatures in the -30s, this was an incredible experience the PaintScaping team will never forget,” said Bergeron.
Bergeron说：“这是PaintScaping团队永远不会忘记令人难以置信的体验，让我们重温了30年代的温暖。”
